Is cerebral salt wasting always present in patients with traumatic brain injury?

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of global mortality and disability. Cerebral salt wasting (CSW), a TBI complication, causes sodium loss and hypovolemia, worsening outcomes. This study examines CSW’s association with bleeding volume, ventricular enlargement, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The study aimed to analyze the correlation between CSW in TBI. Methods: A total of 55 patients were recruited at Hasan Sadikin Bandung General Hospital from January to May 2024. These patients were profiled for demographics, and imaging findings such as ventriculomegaly, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and volume bleeding will be assessed for correlation between CSW and other parametric. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v25. Results: A total of 55 consecutive patients with TBI were evaluated. The average age was 45-year-old males, and females were not significantly different. The study found that the volume of bleeding <10cc was present in 58.2% of cases, accompanied by SAH in 40% and CSW in 29.1%. The results indicated a significant relationship between TBI and CSW, with a P < 0.05, and 13 patients with severe TBI. In addition, the study showed a significant association between variations in bleeding volume, ventriculomegaly, and SAH with TBI, also with a P < 0.05. Discussion: Patients with TBI are prone to developing CSW, which in turn results in worse outcomes, including higher morbidity and mortality rates.