Bell-Basis Quantum Computation: A Framework for Intrinsic Verification

Quantum computation promises exponential speedups over classical algorithms, but current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices remain highly susceptible to noise. We introduce a Bell-basis computational framework in which each logical qubit is encoded as an entangled pair whose correlation structure enables intrinsic detectability of correlation-breaking errors. Rather than performing explicit recovery or fault-tolerant correction, the scheme implements an intrinsic verification rule that accepts or discards outcomes based on the preservation of Bell-type correlations. A universal logical gate set acting natively in the Bell basis is derived, and Qiskit simulations confirm that correlation violations can be detected with rates of 4–6% under realistic depolarizing and amplitude-damping noise. This approach provides a postselection-based pathway toward verifiable quantum computation on near-term hardware, offering a pragmatic complement to full quantum error correction.