The evolving landscape of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of lung cancer

Purpose of review Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality, faces persistent challenges like resistance to targeted therapy and immunotherapy. This review comprehensively outlines the evolving role of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), summarizing their mechanisms, clinical findings, and future directions. It is timely given emerging data and novel bsAbs that may reshape lung cancer treatment. Recent findings The article covers the development and clinical application of bsAbs in lung cancer, highlighting advancements in production technology and diverse formats. bsAbs are designed to simultaneously bind two different antigens, enabling mechanisms such as immune cell bridging and dual targeting of oncogenic pathways. Key themes include the use of bsAbs as first-line treatments, their role in second-line and later-line settings, and their application in neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. Summary The findings suggest that bsAbs represent a significant advancement in lung cancer treatment, offering new therapeutic strategies to address unmet needs. The development of next-generation bsAbs, including trispecific antibodies and conditional activation platforms, promises enhanced precision and safety. These innovations have the potential to improve outcomes for patients with advanced lung cancer. Future research should focus on optimizing patient selection through biomarker-driven approaches and exploring combination therapies to maximize the benefits of bsAbs.