Purpose: The Upanishads, regarded as the philosophical core of Indian spiritual thought, have significantly influenced Western philosophers and thinkers, particularly during the 19th and 20th centuries. This paper explores how Upanishadic ideas on metaphysics, self-realization, and non-duality (Advaita Vedanta) shaped the works of thinkers like Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Aldous Huxley, Carl Jung, and others. The study examines the reception of Upanishadic thought in Western intellectual traditions, particularly in German idealism, Transcendentalism, and depth psychology. Methodology used: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in the Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Results/ Analysis: The Upanishads challenge us to transcend materialist and reductionist frameworks, offering a holistic vision of existence where consciousness, self-awareness, and ultimate reality form the core of human inquiry. Originality/ Values: By analysing philosophical texts, letters, and interpretations, this research highlights the cross-cultural exchange of ideas and the enduring impact of Upanishadic wisdom on Western metaphysical inquiries. Type of Paper: Conceptual & Exploratory.
Srinivasan et al. (Mon,) studied this question.