Composition and variation of milk from Djallonké goats fed with different diets in Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, feed availability for animals throughout the year remains a major problem. The study aimed to determine the chemical composition and variation of Djallonké goat milk according to diet. Therefore, Pennisetum pedisellatum Trin silage, maize bran, and groundnut haulm were tested in the diet of twelve goats divided into four (4) groups. Group 1 was fed exclusively on natural rangeland (PN), Group 2 on natural rangeland + 0.197 g of maize bran per goat per day (PNM), Group 3 in a barn + 1.88 g of silage, 0.115 g of groundnut haulm, and 0.099 g of maize bran per goat per day (SPEAM), and Group 4 in a barn with 1.820 g of silage + 0.197 g of maize bran per goat per day (SPEM). Milk density and the dry matter (DM), fat, protein, and lactose content of milk were determined over four fortnights of days, and an analysis of variance was performed in R software with the factors ration and fortnight. Milk chemical composition did not vary according to the ration. SPEAM goats had a lower fat content in the third fortnight (3.53%) than in the other fortnights (4.57%–5.19%) (p < 0.05), which were similar. In PNM goats, the lactose content increased (from 3.27% to 3.72%). In both PN and SPEAM goats, milk density in the fourth fortnight (1.21 g/L) was higher than that from the first to the third fortnight (1.02–1.03 g/L). Thus, rations based on Pennisetum pedisellatum silage, maize bran, and groundnut haulm, whether fed on natural rangeland or in barns, did not influence the density or major chemical components of milk, but time did modify some milk components.