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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

A plasma-based test for the measurable residual disease informs the response to treatment in AML patients

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Authors

SPSuman PaulCDChristopher DouvilleCGChristopher D. Gocke

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Overview

Trial reveals plasma cell-free DNA assay improves measurable residual disease detection in AML, suggesting better treatment outcomes.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the sensitivity of a plasma-based assay for measurable residual disease detection in AML patients post-alloHCT.
  • Developed a personalized plasma-based cell-free DNA assay (v96) using patient-specific leukemia mutations.
  • Conducted a longitudinal analysis of plasma, peripheral blood, and bone marrow samples from AML/MDS patients undergoing alloHCT.
  • Utilized whole-genome sequencing to identify leukemia-specific mutations for analysis in serial samples.
  • v96 detected measurable residual disease in 100% of analyzed patients compared to 13.3% by flow cytometry.
  • 85.0% of plasma samples showed MRD detection versus 65.0% in matched bone marrow aspirates.
  • Patients with higher mutant allele frequency prior to alloHCT had a significantly increased rate of relapse.

Cite This Study

Paul et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69362f6e4fa91c937236e0bbhttps://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-1743
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