What question did this study set out to answer?

To compare the efficacy of azacitidine monotherapy versus combination regimens in high-risk myeloid malignancies following allogeneic transplantation.

December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Azacitidine monotherapy versus combination regimens as post-allogeneic transplantation maintenance in high-risk myeloid malignancies: A retrospective cohort Study

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Authors

YSYing ShenBeijing Geriatric Hospital PZPengyu ZhangShanxi Medical University JWJin WangXi'an University of Science and Technology

Discussion

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Implication

Retrospective cohort analysis reveals azacitidine monotherapy has non-inferior survival compared to combinations in post-transplant patients, suggesting effective maintenance strategies.

Key Points

To compare the efficacy of azacitidine monotherapy versus combination regimens in high-risk myeloid malignancies following allogeneic transplantation.
Conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 59 patients with AML/MDS post-allo-HSCT
Patients received either azacitidine monotherapy or combinations with immunotherapy/targeted agents
Primary endpoints were relapse-free survival and overall survival; survival analyses utilized Kaplan-Meier and competing risk methods.
Median follow-up of 31 months showed 3-year overall survival of 84.4%
No significant differences in relapse rates between treatment groups
Monotherapy was non-inferior to combination therapies with similar toxicity levels.

Cite This Study

Shen et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69362f7f4fa91c937236e518 https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-2499

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Implication

Retrospective cohort analysis reveals azacitidine monotherapy has non-inferior survival compared to combinations in post-transplant patients, suggesting effective maintenance strategies.