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December 11, 2025NutrientsOpen Access

Effects of Combined Exercise and Calcium/Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Authors

JBJie BaiNanjing Agricultural UniversityWHWenrui HuangGuangzhou UniversityRYRuixiang YanTianjin University of Science and Technology

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Implication

Systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate combined interventions enhance bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, suggesting effective strategies for prevention.

Key Points

  • This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of combined exercise and calcium/vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
  • Conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 RCTs
  • Analyzed data using Review Manager version 5.4
  • Performed subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses
  • Assessed risk of bias with the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool
  • Graded the certainty of evidence using the GRADE framework
  • Combined interventions significantly increased lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD)
  • Whole-body vibration showed greatest and most consistent benefits
  • Mind-body exercises like Baduanjin improved lumbar spine BMD
  • Shorter interventions (≤6 months) yielded greater gains in BMD

Cite This Study

Bai et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69401b0c2d562116f28f700dhttps://doi.org/10.3390/nu17243866
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 4 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Vitamin D and physical activity as co-modifiers of muscle health and function - a narrative exploration2025 · 6 citations
  2. 2The effect of exercise and nutrition on bone health2018 · 8 citations
  3. 3A single-arm feasibility study of community-delivered Baduanjin (Qigong practice of the eight Brocades) training for frail older adults2020 · 38 citations
  4. 4Exercise improves bone formation by upregulating the Wnt3a/β-catenin signalling pathway in type 2 diabetic mice2021 · 35 citations