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December 11, 2025Journal of Clinical Oncology

Genomically Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Is Not a Distinct Entity But a Collection of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance or Multiple Myeloma

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Authors

ASAnıl Aktaş SamurDana-Farber Cancer InstituteJCJill CorreCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSTSrikanth TalluriDana-Farber Cancer Institute

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Overview

This analysis reveals genomic distinctions between smoldering multiple myeloma and multiple myeloma, suggesting classifications that could guide patient management.

Key Points

  • To analyze genomic features that differentiate between smoldering multiple myeloma and multiple myeloma.
  • Analyzed next-generation sequencing data from 224 precursor condition samples and 1,779 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma samples.
  • Compared genomic features in paired samples of smoldering multiple myeloma and multiple myeloma.
  • Developed a scoring system to predict low-risk nonprogressor smoldering multiple myeloma.
  • No significant differences in genomic alterations between smoldering multiple myeloma and multiple myeloma from the same patient.
  • Over 80% of driver mutations were present at both time points.
  • Nonprogressor plasma cells had lower mutational load and absence of certain genomic alterations.

Cite This Study

Samur et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69401b1e2d562116f28f76dfhttps://doi.org/10.1200/jco-25-00289
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