Domain-Adaptive Segment Anything Model for Cross-Domain Water Body Segmentation in Satellite Imagery

Monitoring surface water bodies is crucial for environmental protection and resource management. Existing segmentation methods often struggle with limited generalization across different satellite domains. We propose DASAM, a domain-adaptive Segment Anything Model for cross-domain water body segmentation in satellite imagery. The core innovation of DASAM is a contrastive learning module that aligns features between source and style-augmented images, enabling robust domain generalization without requiring annotations from the target domain. Additionally, DASAM integrates a prompt-enhanced module and an encoder adapter to capture fine-grained spatial details and global context, further improving segmentation accuracy. Experiments on the China GF-2 dataset demonstrate superior performance over existing methods, while cross-domain evaluations on GLH-water and Sentinel-2 water body image datasets verify its strong generalization and robustness. These results highlight DASAM’s potential for large-scale, diverse satellite water body monitoring and accurate environmental analysis.