In vitro findings show L-arginine and 5-FU synergistically reduce HCC invasion and EMT markers, indicating potential for improved treatment.
1.This study investigated the synergistic effect of L-arginine (iNOS substrate) combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, iNOS inducer) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).2.In vitro, the combination significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and upregulated iNOS. It also decreased mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Slug) and increased epithelial E-cadherin.3.In vivo, using DEN-induced HCC rats, the combination group showed extensive tumor necrosis, reduced mitoses, enhanced iNOS, reduced mesenchymal markers, elevated E-cadherin, fewer pseudopodia, and increased cytoplasmic vacuolation compared to the model group.4.Thus, L-arginine + 5-FU synergistically inhibits HCC metastasis by suppressing EMT via iNOS upregulation.
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Wang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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