Mental health and psycho-social challenges: a reflective review on transgender youth in India

Purpose This study aims to emphasize that transgender youths face unique psychosocial challenges in asserting their identity within society. It highlights the critical impact of stigma, discrimination and social exclusion on their mental health and well-being, and underscores the need for deeper exploration and policy reforms to safeguard their rights and foster inclusion. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a reflective and analytical review of existing literature and policy frameworks concerning transgender youth. The study analyses the efficacy of present strategies in addressing psychosocial vulnerabilities and promoting mental health by identifying gaps through a systematic mapping of research evidence. Findings The findings indicate that transgender youth experience heightened mental health challenges due to poverty, abandonment and exclusion, compounded by inadequate policy support. It highlights the importance of psychotherapeutic interventions, inclusive social environments and robust frameworks for periodic mental health assessment. The fundamental rights of transgender people can be safeguarded and participation can be strengthened through increased acceptance and the successful use of supportive policies. Originality/value This paper provides a granular, critical perspective on the intersection of mental health, social stigma and policy frameworks affecting transgender youth in India.