Abstract This research is motivated by the condition that before the enactment of Presidential Regulation Number 19 of 2025 concerning Employee Performance Allowances within the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Civil Servants (PNS) Lecturers assigned to State Universities (PTN) Work Units and Civil Servants Lecturers assigned to Private Universities (PTS) did not receive performance allowances. This study aims to answer the question regarding the ideal model for protecting the employee rights of civil servant lecturers employed in private universities in order to fulfill the principle of justice. This research is a normative legal research using the Philosophical, Legislative, Conceptual, Historical and Comparative Approaches. The legal materials consist of Primary, secondary and tertiary laws collected through library research, using prescriptive normative analysis methods. The results of this study reveal that the ideal model for protecting the rights of civil servant lecturers employed in private universities in order to fulfill the principle of justice is to use a Hybrid Governance Model, namely by integrating the market-oriented model and academic self-governance in the management of higher education. The recommendation that can be given is that the relevant Minister needs to strengthen regulations to ensure that civil servant lecturers employed in PTS receive their rights in full, proportionally, and with dignity in accordance with the principles of justice in law and human rights.
Damayanti et al. (Mon,) studied this question.