Understanding Complementary Feeding Practices and Their Influencing Factors in Rural and Urban Indonesia: A Qualitative Study

This study examines caregivers' practices and factors affecting solid food introduction, meal frequency, and dietary diversity in rural and urban Indonesia. Interviews with 46 caregivers, 2 health professionals, and 10 community health workers in Central Java, Indonesia, were analyzed thematically. Findings reveal that most children began complementary feeding at six months, with rural caregivers occasionally delaying solids based on perceived readiness. While meal frequency was similar, rural diets lacked diversity compared to urban ones, especially in animal-sourced foods, fruit, and pulses. Social, environmental, and individual factors shaped feeding practices, highlighting the need for tailored nutrition education and a multisectoral approach.