Resektables NSCLC: Die Kombination von Tumorablation und neoadjuvanter Chemo-/Immuntherapie scheint die pathologische Remissionsrate zu verbessern

Background: Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy has emerged as a pivotal neoadjuvant strategy for resectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, several problems urge to be resolved, including suboptimal pathologic complete response(pCR)/major pathologic response (MPR). Microwave ablation (MWA) exerts direct tumoricidal effects through thermal coagulation while releasing tumor-associated antigens to remodel the local immune microenvironment. In patients with advanced NSCLC, MWA combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy has shown prolonged overall survival (OS). Methods: This study investigated the neoadjuvant therapeutic strategy combining MWA with chemotherapy and immunotherapy for optimizing neoadjuvant treatment strategies of stage IIB–IIIB NSCLC. We evaluated the pCR, MPR, R0 resection rate, and incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events in patients following surgical resection, aiming to improve surgical outcomes and survival. Results: This study confirmed the safety and feasibility of a neoadjuvant therapeutic strategy combining MWA with chemotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC. The study was a single-center retrospective analysis (n = 8), demonstrating a pCR rate of 50%, an MPR rate of 62.5%, an R0 resection rate of 100%, with no increase in grade ≥ 3 adverse events.