Smart Standalone System for Real-Time Solar Data Logging and Wireless Weather Parameter Transmission

This paper presents the design and development of a smart standalone system for real-time data acquisition and wireless monitoring of photovoltaic and environmental parameters. The proposed system integrates two microcontroller-based processing units operating independently within an isolated solar-powered framework. One unit is dedicated to acquiring electrical data from the photovoltaic generator, including current, voltage, and power, using high-precision sensors (INA219). The second unit collects weather-related parameters such as temperature, humidity (via DHT11), and solar irradiance (via a mini solar cell), and transmits the data wirelessly using an ESP-01 (ESP8266) Wi-Fi module. Electrical parameters are recorded and stored locally through a data logging interface (PLX-DAQ), while environmental data are visualized remotely in real time on the ThingSpeak IoT platform. A step-down DC-DC converter (XL4015) regulates the power supply from a 12V battery, ensuring full autonomy of the system. The developed platform allows for continuous monitoring, predictive analysis, and performance evaluation of photovoltaic systems under varying environmental conditions. Experimental results confirm the reliability and efficiency of the proposed architecture in terms of both data integrity and energy autonomy.