Pendidikan Teodisi Islam sebagai Wacana Dakwah: Analisis Pendekatan al-Būṭī dalam al-Insān wa ‘Adālah Allāh fī al-Arḍ

The issue of divine justice in the face of human suffering and evil is often used as an argument to question the existence of God or to challenge His attributes of justice and mercy. In this context, theodicy serves as a da‘wah discourse, addressing such doubts rationally and through divine revelation. This study employed content analysis to analyze syeikh Sa‘īd Ramaḍān al-Būṭī’s arguments on theodicy in al-Insān wa ‘Adālah Allāh fī al-Arḍ as a method of guiding those who experience theological doubts. The findings indicated that al-Būṭī emphasizes two main principles in understanding theodicy: God as the Creator and Owner of all things, with human beings as His servants, and the understanding that trials occur in both hardship and ease. Additionally, al-Būṭī also highlighted that worldly life is only a small part of Allah’s greater and comprehensive plan. Contribution: The findings of this study contribute to the education of society regarding the proper understanding of theodicy according to al-Būṭī. The study provides both an intellectual and spiritual framework to address the doubts of atheists and agnostics regarding the concepts of divinity and destiny. The findings also serves as a da‘wah approach towards these groups.