Younger age, neutropenia, and recent treatment were associated with higher ICU admission likelihood in cancer patients, with predictive models showing AUCs of 0.79 and 0.82.
What clinical, functional, and oncological factors are associated with ICU admission in cancer patients?
Predictive models based on clinical and oncological factors can accurately identify cancer patients likely to be admitted to the ICU.
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OBJECTIVE: The present study compares the clinical, functional and oncological characteristics of cancer patients assessed for admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), with the aim of identifying factors associated with admission and of developing specific predictive models. DESIGN: A prospective, multicenter observational study was conducted. SETTING: Thirty-three ICUs across Spain. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 18 years or older with solid tumors or hematological malignancies who were assessed for ICU admission between January and June 2024 were included. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Demographic, clinical, functional, oncological, and severity variables were collected. Differences between admitted and non-admitted patients were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and LASSO-type predictive models. RESULTS: A total of 1341 patients were included, of whom 1177 (87.8%) were admitted to the ICU. Neutropenia, younger age, and recent oncologic treatment, among other factors, were associated with a higher likelihood of ICU admission. Patients with metastasis or progression of the hematological disease were less likely to be admitted. The predictive models demonstrated high discriminative capacity for both solid tumors (AUC 0.79) and hematological malignancies (AUC 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: Prognostic models for ICU admission were developed by applying a multivariate approach and selecting variables based on their joint contribution to overall predictive accuracy rather than their isolated contribution. The full model (Model 1) demonstrated the best predictive capacity, with an AUC of 0.79 (95%CI: 0.75-0.84) for solid and an AUC of 0.82 (95%CI: 0.76-0.88) for hematological tumors.
Fito et al. (Thu,) reported a other. Younger age, neutropenia, and recent treatment were associated with higher ICU admission likelihood in cancer patients, with predictive models showing AUCs of 0.79 and 0.82.