Discriminating chemometric analysis to study chemical variation between different altitude Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. rhizomes following AQbD approach for high recovery of bergenin

Extract preparation is critical for recovering bioactive from plants. Impacted by many different variables and even slight variations may alter the extraction. Therefore, it is crucial for precisely examining the parameters. Quality by design, can obtain high recovery of bioactive. In this study, a process was developed to enrich Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. rhizome extract with bergenin. One Factor at a Time succeeded by Response Surface Methodology were followed to achieve the objectives using developed quantitative method for bergenin on high-pressure liquid chromatography. Three variables- time, ethanol %, and solvent volume, were optimised by Central Composite Design to generate novel protocol. The generated data recommends 50 mL/g, 70% ethanol for 60 min reflux (x 2 cycles) for the best extraction. Future manufacturing processes and standardisation may benefit from the developed approach. Additionally, the effect of altitude on bergenin was evaluated, and the findings showed high-altitude samples contained higher bioactive component.