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This case describes the evaluation and diagnosis of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the renal pelvis of a dog.

Clinical, Cytologic, Histopathologic, and Diagnostic Imaging of a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Renal Pelvis of a Border Collie Dog

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Case report reveals a malignant nerve sheath tumor causing hematuria in a Border Collie, suggesting potential treatment pathways.

This case describes the evaluation and diagnosis of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the renal pelvis of a dog.
Cytologic analysis using fine-needle aspiration and ultrasound guidance
Histologic evaluation post-ureteronephrectomy
Immunohistochemistry testing for protein S-100, laminin, and desmin
The hematuria resolved four days post-surgery
Moderate atypia consistent with soft tissue sarcoma was noted in cytologic evaluation
Improvement in paraneoplastic hypertrophic osteopathy was observed five months later

Romero‐Vélez et al. (2026) studied this question.

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