Identifying Therapeutic Targets for Bronchial Asthma: Systematic Druggable Genome‐Wide Mendelian Randomization

Background The treatment and prevention of bronchial asthma continue to present significant challenges. Mendelian randomization (MR) has been extensively employed to identify novel therapeutic targets. Consequently, we conducted a systematic MR analysis across the druggable genome to identify potential therapeutic targets for asthma. Aims Exploring new potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of asthma. Methods We obtained data on druggable genes and screened genes within lung expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and blood eQTL. Then, MR analysis and colocalization analysis were performed to identify genes highly associated with asthma. In addition, phenome‐wide analysis, enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network construction (PPI) have been carried out, providing valuable guidance for the development of more effective therapeutic targets. Results Druggable genes were sourced from the Drug‐Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb) and supplemented by a compilation of druggable genes outlined in a review by Finan et al. The eQTL data sets are derived from eQTLGene and GTEx v8. We obtained asthma GWAS data sets from two large‐scale genotypic data sets, FinnGen, and UK Biobank. Finally, we identified six druggable genes significantly associated with asthma. Five druggable genes in whole blood (IRF1, OXER1, PSMA4, UNC13D and HLA‐DRB1) and one in lung tissue (CD226). These positive gene interactions were shown to be associated with asthma pathways by enrichment analysis. In the end, phenome‐wide analysis showed that most had no side effects. Conclusion This study identified six potential drug targets for the treatment of asthma. This discovery provides promising insights for more effective treatments for asthma, with the potential to reduce drug development costs.