Microwave soil treatment effects on lucerne and phalaris pasture production

Microwave (MW) soil treatment has proven to have the potential to reduce weeds and enhance soil nutrient availability and crop yields. This study hypothesized similar benefits in newly established pastures. Four treatments (Lucerne and Phalaris, with and without pre‐sowing MW soil treatment for 120 s) were tested with four replicate plots (1.5 m 2 each). Three 700 W MW magnetrons, with a frequency of 2.45 GHz, were attached and remotely connected to the controller circuitry of three domestic MW ovens. Soil physio‐chemical properties were analyzed, and plots were harvested via mowing three times during the experiment. Pasture samples were assessed for nutritive value. MW treatment increased nitrate, ammonium nitrogen, and potassium in both species plot soil but decreased soil phosphorus. Germination counts significantly increased in MW‐treated Lucerne ( p = 0.018) and Phalaris ( p = 0.002), while weed counts decreased ( p = 0.091 and p < 0.001, respectively). MW‐treated Phalaris plots had 30% and 26% higher crude protein and metabolizable energy yields compared to controls ( p < 0.05). However, MW treatment did not affect Lucerne's nutrient yields ( p > 0.05). The findings suggest MW soil treatment can enhance nutrient yields in Phalaris but not Lucerne, while also aiding weed control. Further research is needed to explore the interactions between pasture species and MW treatment. This technology has potential as a sustainable tool for improving pasture productivity and weed management.