Oxidative DNA Damage and Lp (a) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Cardiovascular Complication

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease presented with chronic blood glucose elevation and caused by decreased sensitivity to insulin. Diabetes is commonly linked with lipoprotein (a), a low-density lipoprotein particle, which considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. T2DM was correlated with increased oxidative stress that increases the risk of DNA damage. Objective: The current study aimed to estimate serum Lp (a) level and 8-hydroxydioxy-2-guanosine (8-OHdG) level in T2DM with cardiovascular complications. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 80 T2DM patients; 41 patients presented with cardiovascular complications, while 39 patients were without any complications. Serum Lp (a) and 8-OHdG levels were evaluated for all patients using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: The mean age of complicated DM was 56.51 ± 5.75, with females being predominant (63.41%), and the majority of them (87.8%) were over than 50 years. Moreover, the mean duration of complicated DM was 14.29 ± 7.34 years. The mean levels of glucose (196.78 ± 62.63) and HbA1c (9.33 ± 1.81) were significantly higher in the group with complications compared to the uncomplicated group. The mean levels of 8-OHdG (198.00 ± 70.09) and Lp (a) (55.68 ± 14.14) were significantly higher among T2DM with complication compared to uncomplicated T2DM. Conclusion: The study found a higher mean serum Lp (a) and 8-OHdG among patients with DM and cardiovascular complications compared with those without cardiovascular complications.