Evaluation of Some Immunological Markers in Pregnant Women Infected with Cytomegalovirus in Kirkuk, Iraq

Background: Both innate and adaptive immunological responses may be activated by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, leading to significant reactions later in the course of the illness. Innate immune components, which react fast and nonspecifically, combine intricately with specialized immune system components, which may recognize certain antigen epitopes, to initiate immunological responses. In the adaptive immune response, T and B lymphocytes, which are considered more specific and take a few days to become fully activated, were the most prevalent cells. Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate some immunological markers in CMV-infected pregnant women compared with a control group in Kirkuk City. Materials and Methods: Our techniques attempted to estimate the immunological markers CD28, CD80, and CD86. RNA was extracted from blood samples taken from 180 CMV patients and a control group to analyze this marker’s gene expression using PCR. Results: The sick group displayed significant differences in the immunological markers when compared to the control group for the CD28 and CD80 tests with ( P value of 0.0007 and 0.0007), respectively. The CD86 test also appeared to demonstrate a significant difference with ( P value of 0.0007). Conclusions: The results of this investigation showed that patients with CMV had considerably higher levels of several immunological markers when compared to the control group.