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February 2, 2026ElectronicsOpen Access

Classification of Heart Sound Recordings (PCG) via Recurrence Plot-Derived Features and Machine Learning Techniques

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Key result

Machine learning model achieves ~99% accuracy in binary heart sound classification using two-second signal segments.

Why the study?

Early detection of cardiac disease is vital, and advanced diagnostic methods for phonocardiogram analysis are needed to improve detection and classification of cardiac abnormalities.

Do recurrence plot-derived features and machine learning algorithms accurately classify heart sound recordings to detect cardiac abnormalities?

Population

Phonocardiogram (PCG) heart sound recordings

Comparison

Recurrence plot feature extraction with machine learning algorithms

Design

Diagnostic classification model development and validation study

Authors

AAAbdulmajeed M. AlmosainedKing Saud UniversityTATurky N. AlotaibyKing Abdulaziz City for Science and TechnologyRARawad Awad AlqahtaniKing Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology

Discussion

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Implication

Supports automated PCG screening potential; leaves open prospective clinical validation.

Key Points

  • The research aims to enhance the detection and classification of cardiac abnormalities using heart sound recordings and machine learning.
  • Utilized phonocardiogram (PCG) signals for analysis
  • Applied recurrence plots for feature extraction
  • Implemented machine learning algorithms for classification
  • Conducted experiments on 2 s signal segments
  • Achieved up to 98.4% accuracy in multiclass classification
  • Reached 99.5% accuracy in binary classification
  • Demonstrated potential for automated heart sound analysis in clinical settings

Structured PICO

Do recurrence plot-derived features and machine learning algorithms accurately classify heart sound recordings to detect cardiac abnormalities?

P
Population
Heart sound recordings (PCG) for detecting cardiac abnormalities
I
Intervention
Machine learning classification using recurrence plot (RP) derived features from 2-second signal segments
O
Outcome
Classification accuracy (multiclass and binary)surrogate

A machine learning framework using recurrence plots for feature extraction from phonocardiograms achieves high accuracy in classifying heart sounds, offering a potential automated screening tool.

Cite This Study

Almosained et al. (2026) studied Cardiac disease. Recurrence plot-derived features and machine learning classification was evaluated on Classification accuracy of cardiac abnormalities. A machine learning framework using recurrence plot-derived features achieved up to 98.4% multiclass and 99.5% binary accuracy in classifying cardiac abnormalities from 2-second heart sound segments.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6980fb97c1c9540dea80d68ehttps://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15030601

Topics

Artificial intelligence in cardiology
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Phonocardiogram classification based on machine learning and deep learning using hybrid features extraction techniques2026 · 1 citations
  2. 2Machine learning‐based classification of multiple heart disorders from PCG signals2023 · 17 citations
  3. 3Machine Learning based Identification of Cardiac Function using PCG Signal2024 · 1 citations
  4. 4PCG Signal Acquisition and Classification for Heart Failure Detection: Recent Advances and Implementation of Memory-Efficient Classifiers for Edge Computing-Based Wearable Devices2024 · 3 citations
  5. 5A systematic review of machine learning approaches for phonocardiogram classification2026