Fabrication and Evaluation of Wound Dressings Based on Ex‐Situ and Regenerated Bacterial Cellulose/Bioactive Glass (Ag/ TiO ₂ )

Because of its special qualities, including its mechanical qualities, porosity, water absorption, moldability, biodegradability, and high biocompatibility, bacterial cellulose (BC) has emerged as a viable carrier for composite materials. The purpose of this study is to improve BC performance by the use of bioactive glass (BG) in a unique way. The Gram‐negative rod‐shaped bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans was used to generate the BC for this investigation, and it was identified using molecular techniques. Following that, two distinct synthesis methods were used for BC functionalization. The first method used the ex‐situ immersion technique to include the previously synthesized BG(Ag/TiO 2 ). In the second technique, a novel approach was used to make a reconstructed bacterial cellulose (RBC) using BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) by dissolving BC powder in urea and combining it with different concentrations of BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) in the BC solution to create RBC nanocomposite films. FTIR spectroscopy verified the synthesis of Ag/TiO 2 by analyzing the functional groups, and XRD and EDS results showed that BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) (6%) and BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) (4%) have sizes of 16 nm and 13 nm, respectively. TGA, FTIR, and FE‐SEM techniques were used to examine the physicochemical and microstructural characteristics of BC/BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) and RBC/BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) wound dressings. The antimicrobial qualities were assessed against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria using the swelling test, bioactivity test under lab settings, MTT toxicity analysis, and contact angle. Analysis results confirmed the presence of BG(Ag/TiO 2 ) on BC and the resulting BC/BG and RBC/BG exhibited suitable thermal resistance and surface absorption capability, possess antimicrobial properties, and are nontoxic.