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This study aims to enhance the sensitivity of optical fibre-based surface plasmon resonance sensors for biomolecular detection.

February 5, 2026PhotonicsOpen Access

Design and Numerical Analysis of an Ultra-Sensitive π-Configuration Fibre Optic-Based SPR Sensor: Dual Plasmonic Enhancement for Low-Refractive-Index Biomolecular Detection

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Novel sensor design enhances sensitivity using dual plasmonic excitation for low-refractive-index biomolecular detection.

This study aims to enhance the sensitivity of optical fibre-based surface plasmon resonance sensors for biomolecular detection.
Developed a π-configuration optical fibre-based SPR sensor.
Utilized finite element method simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics v6.3.
Coated sensor surfaces with optimized metallic thin films (Ag, Au, Cu).
Evaluated performance using full-width half-maximum, wavelength sensitivity, and wavelength interrogation metrics.
Achieved sensitivity of 3300 nm/RIU at refractive index 1.37–1.38, a 120% improvement over traditional sensors.
Maximum field norm was approximately 1.4 times greater compared to D-shaped SPR sensors.
FWHM, figure of merit, detection accuracy, and confinement loss values were 36 nm, 94.29 RIU−1, 0.94, and 38.5 dB/cm respectively.

Ehiabhili et al. (2026) studied this question.

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