An Integrated Teaching-Learning Framework for Special Education in Singapore

Teaching in special education (SPED) schools has never been easy, and learning for students with disabilities can be equally challenging. SPED is defined as a set of services put into place following diagnostic reviews, parental concerns, and/or teacher concerns. Moreover, it is also a set of guidelines that teachers, parents and students can follow so that each individual with disability has a specific educational plan in place. In the early years, SPED catered to individuals with moderate or severe disabilities, but more recently it has been opened to anyone who has experienced learning and/or behavioral challenges. In this paper, the authors have conceptualized and introduced an integrated teaching-learning framework for SPED in Singapore.