Physical activity and exercise in cervical cancer: a state-of-the-art review

Cervical cancer remains the second most prevalent malignancy in terms of both incidence and mortality among women of reproductive age globally. Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity and structured exercise interventions may exert distinct influences across the cancer continuum. These include reducing the risk of cancer onset, mitigating treatment-related declines in muscle mass, enhancing quality of life, and improving post-treatment survival outcomes. This state-of-the-art review aims to synthesize the current body of literature regarding the role of physical activity and exercise in: (i) the primary prevention of cervical cancer, and (ii) supportive care during and following oncological treatment. Additionally, we propose future research directions to advance understanding and optimize exercise-based strategies in cervical cancer care.