Cardiovascular toxicity of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour in women, and it has a high incidence and mortality rate both in the world and in China. Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer accounts for about 60–70% of breast cancer and is the most common subtype of advanced breast cancer. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy have emerged as the treatment of choice for hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer. Emergence inhibitors of CDK 4/6 have significantly improved outcomes in patients with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. It is an indisputable fact that cardiotoxicity caused by breast cancer treatment can have a significant impact on the quality of life of cancer survivors; however, there are few studies on the cardiovascular toxicity of CDK 4/6 inhibitors. This article reviews the cardiovascular toxicity and related mechanisms that may be caused by CDK 4/6 inhibitors.