What does this research mean for the field?

Omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with residual nodal disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not compromise axillary control and may be associated with comparable regional and distant control with similar survival outcomes. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This analysis aims to evaluate oncological outcomes of sentinel lymph node biopsy versus axillary lymph node dissection in patients with residual nodal disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

February 19, 2026Clinical Cancer Research

Abstract PS2-03-24: De-escalation of Axillary Surgery in Patients with Residual Nodal Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Authors

NPN. PolidorioBrazilian Agricultural Research Corporation RFR. FredericeBrazilian Agricultural Research Corporation GCG. Azevedo Gabriele CarlosBrazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

Discussion

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Implication

Systematic review evaluates outcomes of omitting axillary surgery in patients with breast cancer and residual nodal disease, suggesting potential safety implications.

Key Points

This analysis aims to evaluate oncological outcomes of sentinel lymph node biopsy versus axillary lymph node dissection in patients with residual nodal disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Conducted a systematic search across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library.
Included randomized controlled trials and observational cohort studies of patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Extracted hazard ratios and confidence intervals for comparing SLNB versus ALND using statistical methods.
Performed a random-effects meta-analysis on pooled data from included studies.
Examined data from nine retrospective studies with 13,160 patients, where 3,831 underwent SLNB and 9,329 ALND.
Pooled axillary recurrence rate: 5.91% in the SLNB group vs. 5.24% in the ALND group; SLNB showed a significant reduction in axillary recurrence.
No significant differences in distant recurrence-free survival or overall survival between SLNB and ALND were observed.
Findings indicate potential biases owing to selection effects in patient characteristics favoring SLNB.

Cite This Study

Polidorio et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6996a898ecb39a600b3ef6fb https://doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.sabcs25-ps2-03-24

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Implication

Systematic review evaluates outcomes of omitting axillary surgery in patients with breast cancer and residual nodal disease, suggesting potential safety implications.

Abstract PS2-03-24: De-escalation of Axillary Surgery in Patients with Residual Nodal Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Abstract PS2-03-24: De-escalation of Axillary Surgery in Patients with Residual Nodal Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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