Part of a theoretical framework exploring life as complex energy-coupled structures, indicating new perspectives on vital phenomena.
This article constitutes Part XI of Wang’s Perceptual Field Theory (WPFT) and extends its unified ontological framework to phenomena commonly described as “life.” Rather than treating life as a privileged or fundamentally distinct category of existence, WPFT interprets living systems as highly complex energy-constrained structures operating under continuous energy exchange with their environments. Birth, aging, reproduction, infection, and evolutionary change are analyzed as structured response modes emerging from cumulative energy coupling under specific structural constraints. Aging and death are described as scale-dependent manifestations of irreversible energy exchange and structural accumulation. Reproduction is interpreted not as teleological continuation, but as structural reorganization triggered by coupling incompatibility. Developmental differentiation is framed as irreversible expression shaped by environmental energy spectra rather than blueprint-based execution. Heredity is reconsidered through the lens of distributed structural organization, emphasizing reconfiguration rather than centralized duplication. Infection and immunity are examined as competitive energy-coupling dynamics between bounded systems. Evolutionary processes are treated as long-term sequences of structural stabilization and dissolution without inherent directionality or hierarchical valuation. Throughout, the paper maintains a minimal causality principle: structural change arises from energy transmission, reception, and feedback under constraint. This work forms part of the integrated theoretical system of WPFT and should be read in conjunction with Part I for foundational definitions.
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Hui Wang (2026) studied this question.
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