The high reactivity of lanthanide metals poses a challenge to the electrochemical anodizing of surfaces for nanostructured coatings. This paper presents the first systematic experimental investigation of anodic oxidation of lanthanide gadolinium in aqueous solutions of citric, boric, oxalic, and tartaric acids. The voltage-current-time responses of anodizing of gadolinium, Al/Gd and Al/Nb/Gd systems were investigated. Anodic thin films were characterized using modern analysis techniques: SEM, FIB, and EDX. Morphology and voltage-current-time response analysis of anodized Al/Nb/Gd systems made it possible to establish the niobia cork-like effect and to develop a growth model.
Pligovka et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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