The river of life or death? An African Eco-Theological Interpretation of Genesis 2:10-14 in the context of water pollution in Zambia

Water serves as the foundation of life for both human and nonhuman entities, representing sustenance, purity, and divine presence according to various theological frameworks. This paper aims to explore the thematic implications of Genesis 2:10-14, particularly in the context of Zambia, where rampant water pollution - stemming from mining activities and climate change - transforms vital rivers from symbols of life into agents of death. Through an eco-theological lens, we will discuss the cultural and symbolic significance of rivers, particularly the Kafue and Mwembeshi, and how these water bodies reflect the socioeconomic inequalities prevalent in Zambian society. The biblical narrative serves as a critical reference point to engage in discussions about environmental stewardship and the ethical responsibilities of individuals and corporations regarding water resources. The paper contends that Genesis 2:10-14 provides ecological wisdom for a holistic approach to environmental stewardship that acknowledges the deep spiritual and communal significance of water, urging both individuals and societies to take action to protect these sacred rivers before it is too late.