Advanced Exergy, Exergoeconomic and Exergoenvironmental Analysis of a Solar-Driven Triple-Generation Kalina Cycle

This study explores a new solar-driven triple-generation Kalina cycle aimed at providing electricity, cooling, and heating in Kabul's climate. It addresses the lack of detailed evaluations for multi-generation systems, especially those relying on solar storage. The research includes a thorough analysis of thermodynamic, economic, and environmental aspects using a model developed in EES for summer and winter scenarios. The findings reveal that the solar thermal tank and auxiliary boiler contribute significantly to inefficiency, but much of this can be improved through overall system optimization instead of focusing on individual parts. Exergoeconomic results reveal that destruction costs associated with the thermal tank (1698.8 USD/h in summer) and solar-storage investment (3077 USD/h in summer) and solar-storage investment (3077 USD/h) are the dominant contributors to total cost, implying that improved storage design is essential for long-term economic feasibility. From an environmental standpoint, the auxiliary boiler generates the highest impacts (up to 302.8 Pts/h), suggesting that low-emission fuel alternatives or boiler-side enhancements are critical. Overall, the system demonstrates strong potential for sustainable and cost-effective energy supply, meaning that improvements targeting avoidable and exogenous losses—especially within the storage and boiler subsystems—can significantly increase efficiency while reducing economic and environmental burdens.