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February 26, 2026Cardiovascular DiabetologyOpen Access

Novel epigenetic marks of insulin resistance trajectories in a longitudinal study of childhood obesity

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Authors

AAAugusto Anguita‐RuizMRMaría Cruz RicoMBMireia Bustos-Aibar

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Overview

Longitudinal analysis reveals associations between DNA methylation and insulin resistance in children, suggesting potential for early intervention.

Key Points

  • The study aims to analyze the relationship between insulin resistance and blood DNA methylation in children over time.
  • Conducted a longitudinal study with blood samples from children at pre-pubertal and pubertal stages.
  • Defined insulin resistance using sex- and pubertal-stage specific HOMA-IR cut-offs.
  • Performed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) to identify significant CpG sites related to insulin resistance.
  • Executed mQTL analyses to explore genetic variants influencing methylation signals.
  • Assessed methylation profiles alongside cardiometabolic traits such as adiposity and blood pressure.
  • Identified 120 significant CpG sites associated with insulin resistance in the context of puberty.
  • Observed distinct methylation profiles tracking insulin resistance trajectories from prepuberty to puberty.
  • Linked specific CpG sites to cardiometabolic traits, with some exhibiting changes parallel to insulin resistance improvement, worsening, or stability.
  • Found 25 cis SNP CpG associations corresponding to selected CpG sites, indicating partial genetic influence on methylation.

Cite This Study

Anguita‐Ruiz et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/699fe35995ddcd3a253e72cbhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-026-03101-7
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Genome-wide DNA methylation signatures in blood associated with pediatric obesity2026
  2. 2Epigenetic mediators of diet and lifestyle and insulin resistance2026
  3. 3Epigenetic insights into pediatric obesity: microRNA profiling across puberty and insulin resistance-related stratification.2026
  4. 41673-P: Metaboepigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression in Obesity and Insulin Resistance2024
  5. 5Differential methylation at novel putative imprinting control regions on chromosome 20 associated with childhood obesity2026