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January 26, 2026Genes & NutritionOpen Access

Epigenetic mediators of diet and lifestyle and insulin resistance

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Authors

OAOladimeji J AkinlawonLPLaurence D. ParnellFLFang Liu

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Overview

An epigenome-wide association study finds dietary factors impact insulin resistance through epigenetic modifications, suggesting personalized diet strategies.

Key Points

  • This research aims to explore how diet and lifestyle influence insulin resistance through epigenetic changes.
  • Conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) with 1,684 non-diabetic adults.
  • Analyzed associations between dietary factors and DNA methylation sites using food frequency questionnaires.
  • Applied causal mediation models to identify significant epigenetic mediators.
  • Validated findings with an additional study involving 945 participants.
  • Identified 35 DNA methylation sites linked to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
  • Found significant associations of specific methylation sites with dietary factors in the Framingham study.
  • Highlighted genes like DHCR24 and EFNB3 as potential targets for dietary interventions.
  • Demonstrated that alcohol intake positively influences HOMA-IR via specific DNA methylation changes.

Cite This Study

Akinlawon et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69770353722626c4468e855chttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12263-025-00792-7
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Novel epigenetic marks of insulin resistance trajectories in a longitudinal study of childhood obesity2026
  2. 21673-P: Metaboepigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression in Obesity and Insulin Resistance2024
  3. 3Abstract P141: T2D-DNA Methylation Score and Changes in Glycemic Traits in Response to Weight-Loss Dietary Interventions: The MACRO Trial2024
  4. 4Metabolites and proteins may mediate the relationship between diet quality and insulin sensitivity in young adult cohort2026
  5. 5DNA methylation partially mediates the associations of Mediterranean diet scores with MS onset-risk: Results from the Ausimmune case–control study2026