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The research aims to explore the mechanisms linking water level fluctuations to ground settlement in twin shield tunneling.

February 26, 2026Applied SciencesOpen Access

Ground Settlement Analysis of Twin Shield Tunnels Under River-Crossing Conditions with Fluid–Solid Coupling

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Model examines how river water levels affect ground settlement in twin shield tunnels, suggesting practical mitigation strategies.

The research aims to explore the mechanisms linking water level fluctuations to ground settlement in twin shield tunneling.
Developed a 3D fluid-solid-coupled model using FLAC3D for river-crossing conditions.
Simulated four hydrological scenarios: low water, normal water, high water, and flood levels.
Analyzed impacts on ground settlement, stress distribution, and pore water pressure during excavation.
Conducted a sensitivity analysis on pore water pressure, soil internal friction angle, and support stiffness.
Maximum ground surface settlement increased by 41.58% under flood levels compared to normal conditions.
Surface settlement on the right alignment rose from 6.54 mm to 8.54 mm under flood conditions, a 30.6% increase.
Ground settlement correlates with rising river levels, mainly due to increased pore pressure affecting soil strength.
Numerical results are consistent with field data, emphasizing the importance of hydraulic boundaries.

Tang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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February 26, 2026Applied SciencesOpen Access

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

Model examines how river water levels affect ground settlement in twin shield tunnels, suggesting practical mitigation strategies.

The research aims to explore the mechanisms linking water level fluctuations to ground settlement in twin shield tunneling.
Developed a 3D fluid-solid-coupled model using FLAC3D for river-crossing conditions.
Simulated four hydrological scenarios: low water, normal water, high water, and flood levels.
Analyzed impacts on ground settlement, stress distribution, and pore water pressure during excavation.
Conducted a sensitivity analysis on pore water pressure, soil internal friction angle, and support stiffness.
Maximum ground surface settlement increased by 41.58% under flood levels compared to normal conditions.
Surface settlement on the right alignment rose from 6.54 mm to 8.54 mm under flood conditions, a 30.6% increase.
Ground settlement correlates with rising river levels, mainly due to increased pore pressure affecting soil strength.
Numerical results are consistent with field data, emphasizing the importance of hydraulic boundaries.

Tang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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