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January 25, 2026Journal of Life Cycle Assessment JapanOpen Access

An analysis of Carbon footprint of software development in Cradle-to-gate

Machiko Shinozuka Ohri YAMAGUCHI Tsuyoshi OSHIMA Morihide OINUMA Yutaka Mizuno Takuya Iwatsuka Yukihisa Nishizawa Yuriko Tanaka Yoshie TAKEUCHI Shiro NISHI

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Key Points

The carbon footprint of software development phases varies, with total GHG emissions of 131 kg-CO2eq, 369 kg-CO2eq, and 923 kg-CO2eq found.
Key emission sources include ICT device production, air conditioning, lighting, business travel, and network usage.
The analysis highlights the significant contribution of human activities to software's overall environmental impact.
Trends in power consumption are identified across different workflows, emphasizing the need for targeted reductions.

Implication

Observational analysis calculates carbon footprint during software development, indicating a need for environmental reduction efforts.

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Cite This Study

Shinozuka et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a75d6cc6e9836116a27758 https://doi.org/10.3370/lca.22.56

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