Evaluation of anthropometric and cardiometabolic changes and their implications on cardiovascular risk in adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome at a university hospital in the amazon region

Background: To analyze the impact of obesity and MS on cardiovascular risk and cardiac conditions with obesity with and without MS. Methods: The study conducted was a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study, carried out with obese patients under care at the Cardiology Outpatient Clinic of João Barros Barreto University Hospital in Belém/PA. Inclusion criteria included individuals over 18 years old, diagnosed with obesity with or without Metabolic Syndrome, and who had updated laboratory, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic exams available. The study was conducted in 2023 and is part of the project approved under opinion No. 69722423.30000.0018. The Chi-square test was used to describe the relationship between variables, with statistically significant values considered as hypothesis tests with p <0.05. Results: The study evaluated 100 individuals with obesity, of which 60 had MS, with a mean age of 54 years and a prevalence of females. There was an association between the presence of high Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and changes in BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), HDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and glucose indices for both groups. There was an association between the presence of MS and high FRS in women. Conclusion: Thus, in both groups, there was a occurrence of high FRS, especially in obese women. Obese individuals without MS have a similar risk, requiring appropriate attention to the cardiac health of such individuals.