Organic Framework-Based Nanozymes: Design, Property, and Application

Although natural enzymes have a high catalytic activity as biocatalysts, they still face many limitations in practical applications, including high preparation and purification costs, poor environmental stability, and difficulties in recovery and reuse. Nanozymes are a class of synthetic nanomaterials with enzymatic catalytic properties. They are regarded as promising alternatives to natural enzymes due to their low cost, good stability, adjustable catalytic activity, and easy surface modification. Among many nanozyme materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted much attention due to their high specific surface area, adjustable porosity, and stable framework structure. This review summarizes the latest research progress of nanozymes based on MOFs and COFs and reveals the catalytic properties of different enzymes (oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, glucose oxidase, superoxide dismutase, hydrolase) simulated by them. In addition, their potential applications in sensors and medical fields are discussed. Finally, this review discusses the current challenges and developments of organic framework-based nanozymes and provides suggestions for future research directions.