An integrated multi-criteria decision-making and fuzzy cognitive maps for prioritising barriers to geothermal energy development

This research identifies the factors contributing to the success of the Sablan geothermal power plant. For this purpose, the criteria are screened using the WASPAS method and then entered into a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) to estimate cause-and-effect relationships. In the quantitative part, the model's reliability is validated through a questionnaire and feedback from experts. Another questionnaire is then designed using indicators identified during the super-composition stage. The results indicate that 'resource extraction costs' received the highest score among all examined criteria. The results also demonstrate that the proposed technique addresses the limitations of one-way cause-and-effect relationships in the balanced scorecard. Additionally, three types of relationships including upward, two-way and downward relationships are identified in the FCM. Finally, it is concluded that the strategic structure of the Sabalan power plant requires a daily commitment to excellence in operational processes and product development on limited platforms to ensure the plant's effectiveness.