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March 5, 2026BMC Neurology0 citationsOpen Access

Factors Associated With Stroke Among Hypertensive Patients in Eastern Ethiopia

Factors associated with stroke among patients with hypertension in Eastern Ethiopia: a case-control study

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Population

321 adult hypertensive patients attending public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Mean age 62.9 years for…

Design

Case-control

Key result

Increasing age, reduced oxygen saturation, diabetes mellitus, current alcohol consumption, and poor knowledge of hypertension were significantly associated with stroke among hypertensive patients in eastern Ethiopia.

Authors

FMFentahun MeseretAAAyichew AlemuTTTilahun Teshager

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Overview

May warrant enhanced education and comorbidity management in hypertensives; extends associations to eastern Ethiopia but remains hypothesis-generating.

Key Points

  • The study aims to identify risk factors associated with stroke in hypertensive patients in eastern Ethiopia.
  • Conducted a hospital-based case-control design from October 2022 to November 2023.
  • Included adult hypertensive patients with and without strokes as cases and controls.
  • Selected 107 cases and 214 controls using systematic random sampling.
  • Collected data through interviews, physical measurements, and medical record reviews.
  • Analyzed data using Stata version 17 and Epi Data version 4.6.
  • Increasing age is significantly associated with stroke (AOR = 1.05).
  • Low oxygen saturation is linked to lower odds of stroke (AOR = 0.87).
  • Diabetes mellitus is a strong risk factor for stroke (AOR = 2.77).
  • Current alcohol consumption increases the odds of stroke (AOR = 3.48).
  • Poor knowledge of hypertension is associated with decreased odds of stroke (AOR = 0.41).

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=321)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

P
Population
321 adult hypertensive patients (107 cases with stroke, 214 controls without stroke) attending public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. Mean age 62.9 years for cases and 49.8 years for controls. Excluded: <18 years, mentally incompetent, critically ill, pregnant women, and those with fewer than three hypertension follow-up visits.
O
Outcome
Occurrence of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) diagnosed by a neurologist and confirmed by brain imaging (CT-scan or MRI)hard clinical

Among hypertensive patients in eastern Ethiopia, older age, reduced oxygen saturation, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, and poor knowledge of hypertension are significant independent risk factors for stroke.

Main Result

Effect estimate: AOR 1.05 per year increase in age; AOR 0.87 per 1% increase in oxygen saturation; AOR 2.77 for diabetes mellitus; AOR 3.48 for current alcohol consumption; AOR 0.41 for good knowledge of hypertension (95% CI Age 1.02-1.07; Oxygen saturation 0.78-0.98; Diabetes 1.37-5.60; Alcohol 1.48-8.15; Knowledge 0.21-0.82)

Absolute Event Rate: 107% vs 214%

p-value: p=<0.05 for all reported AORs

Limitations

  • Controls were recruited from hypertensive patients attending public hospitals rather than from the general population, which may introduce selection bias and limit generalizability.
  • Controls were recruited from hospitals rather than the general population, introducing selection bias
  • Unmatched case-control design may leave residual confounding from unmeasured variables
  • Hospital-based nature limits generalizability to the wider community
  • Limited sample size may have reduced statistical power
  • Retrospective design precludes assessment of temporal relationships and causal inferences
  • Self-reported variables subject to recall and social desirability bias
  • Stroke severity at presentation was not systematically captured

Cite This Study

Meseret et al. (2026) conducted a case-control in Adult hypertensive patients with or without stroke attending public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia (n=321). Increasing age, reduced oxygen saturation, diabetes mellitus, current alcohol consumption, and poor knowledge of hypertension were significantly associated with stroke among hypertensive patients in eastern Ethiopia.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a91e4cd6127c7a504c21c5https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-026-04776-x
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