JAK inhibitor in omalizumab unresponsive chronic Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis patient, as an add on therapy, the first case series in human

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a persistent inflammatory disease driven by type 2 (T2) immune dysregulation, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration and elevated interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 (1). While biologic therapies like omalizumab (anti-IgE) and dupilumab (anti-IL-4Rα) have advanced treatment, up to 30–40% of patients exhibit inadequate responses (2,3), creating an unmet need for alternative strategies—particularly given the accessibility to biologic may be less in some countries.