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This study aims to analyze the phytochemical composition and various bioactivities of Reseda pentagyna essential oils.

March 7, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Phytochemical composition and bioactivities of Saudi endemic Reseda pentagyna essential oils

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This study aims to analyze the phytochemical composition and various bioactivities of Reseda pentagyna essential oils.
Essential oils extracted from R. pentagyna leaves via hydro-distillation.
GC-MS analysis conducted to determine chemical composition.
Antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic effects evaluated.
Quantification of total phenolic and flavonoid contents performed.
Carvacrol was the predominant compound in essential oil (21.59%).
High antioxidant activity observed (DPPH IC50 = 80.13 µg/mL).
Significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative pathogens (MIC = 6.25–12.50 µg/mL).
Notable antidiabetic potential by inhibiting enzyme activity (α-amylase IC50 = 82.31 µg/mL, α-glucosidase IC50 = 87.49 µg/mL).
Cytotoxic effects observed against HepG2 and MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 112.34 µg/mL and 126.34 µg/mL respectively).

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Analysis evaluates essential oil effects in a medicinal plant, indicating significant therapeutic potential.

Aziz et al. (2026) studied this question.

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