An overview of eating patterns and exercise behaviour in young adults: Trends and influences

Young adulthood is a critical developmental period for establishing long-term health habits that significantly impact lifelong physical and mental wellbeing. This study examines the eating and exercise patterns of Indian young adults aged 18 to 25, a demographic navigating transitions in education, career, and independence. Using a cross-sectional survey design and a structured self-reflection questionnaire, data was collected from participants in major Indian metro cities to assess their health-related behaviours. The results indicate that the majority of young adults maintain only mediocre eating (33%) and exercise (38%) habits. Gender-based analysis revealed that while a higher percentage of males reported poor or mediocre exercise habits, females demonstrated stronger overall exercise participation (48.53% in the “good” category). Key barriers identified include the prioritisation of convenience over nutrition, financial constraints leading to cheaper fast-food consumption, and increased sedentary behaviour due to high screen time and academic or professional demands. The findings highlight a significant gap between health awareness and actual behaviour. Addressing these trends requires targeted health psychology interventions, such as nutritional coaching for young women and enhanced physical activity programs for young men. Bridging the gap between self-perceived and objective health measures is essential for developing effective public health strategies in the evolving Indian context.