This research shows how the OX40/OX40L axis increases inflammation in atopic dermatitis, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.
AD patients exhibit significant upregulation of OX40 expression in effector and regulatory CD4⁺ T cells. Both subsets interact with OX40L-expressing cells in the skin, leading to the promotion of skin inflammation by downregulation of function and anti-inflammatory capacity of Tregs.
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Yamamura et al. (2026) studied this question.
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