Why the study?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infancy often follows a rapidly progressive clinical course, with many cases becoming fulminant and fatal.
Case Report (n=1)
Infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can present with severe dyspnea and masquerade as cardiac tamponade due to shared pathophysiology of impaired diastolic filling, necessitating emergent echocardiography for accurate diagnosis.
May prompt echocardiography to distinguish hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from tamponade in infants; leaves open broader validation in prospective studies.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infancy often follows a rapidly progressive clinical course, with many cases becoming fulminant and fatal. We reported a case of a 4-month-old infant with worsening breathlessness. While admitted, she was in severe respiratory distress and appeared drowsy. We also noted indiscernible heart sounds from physical examination and cardiomegaly with a globular cardiac silhouette from chest X-ray. Considering her distressing clinical presentation, we suspected cardiac tamponade and performed an emergent transthoracic echocardiography to confirm our suspicion. Echocardiogram, however, demonstrated only mild pericardial effusion-insufficient to explain her symptoms. Moreover, we found exceedingly thick myocardium consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, so we initially focused our treatment strategy on congestion relief.
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Sembiring et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n=1). Intravenous furosemide was evaluated on Clinical outcome (survival).
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