Biosynthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) derived from the ethanolic flower extract of Senna auriculata (L.) exhibit strong antioxidant, anti-arthritic, and antimicrobial activities. Characterization of the synthesized TiO₂ NPs was performed using FTIR, UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and EDX to determine their morphology, size, crystallinity, and functional groups. SEM analysis revealed particle sizes ranging from 105.2 to 183.6 nm, with an average of 131.1 nm, indicating spherical and cubic structures. UV-Visible spectroscopy showed a peak at 340.6 nm, confirming the formation of TiO₂ NPs. In antioxidant assays, ascorbic acid (positive control) achieved a maximum inhibition of 82.32% at 100 µg/mL, while the TiO₂ NPs exhibited 65.77% inhibition at the same concentration. Anti-arthritic activity showed 71.13% inhibition of protein denaturation, compared with 78.81% with Sodium diclofenac at 100 µg/mL. The HRBC membrane stabilization test showed 67.86% inhibition with TiO₂ NPs, compared with 78.87% with Sodium diclofenac. Antimicrobial testing against bacterial strains ( Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Escherichia coli ) and fungal strains ( Aspergillus flavus , Candida albicans ) revealed the highest zone of inhibition (9 mm at 100 µg/mL) for C. albicans , demonstrating the broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential of the biosynthesized TiO₂ NPs. Overall, S. auriculata -derived TiO₂ NPs are environmentally friendly and hold significant promise for applications in pharmacology, biomedical sciences, and antimicrobial formulations. • Green synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles using S. auriculata flower extract. • Phytochemical-capped TiO₂ NPs exhibit strong antioxidant and anti-arthritic activity. • Biosynthesised TiO₂ NPs show dose-dependent broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects. • Synergistic interaction enhances the biological efficacy of TiO₂ nanoparticles.
Ramadevi et al. (Tue,) studied this question.