Brain Structures Supporting Cognitive Function in the Era of 100-Year Lifespans : An Integrated MRI Study of 249 Oldest-Old Adults [Presidential Award Proceedings]

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Key Points

This research aims to identify the brain structures associated with cognitive function in individuals aged 89-94.
Evaluated 249 Japanese adults aged 89-94 using 3-Tesla MRI scans.
Assessed white matter hyperintensities using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging.
Conducted diffusion tensor imaging to evaluate microstructural damage.
Cognition was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Used robust linear regression to explore cognitive associations with various brain metrics.
Older age and greater white matter hyperintensity burden correlated with lower MMSE scores.
Higher educational levels were positively associated with cognitive performance.
Increased damage indicated by axial diffusivity in specific brain tracts correlated with lower cognition.

Integrated MRI analysis reveals cognitive associations in oldest-old adults, suggesting key structural impacts.

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UEDA et al. (2026) studied this question.

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